I. Polyimide film (PI film)來坐

Definition of PolyimideFilm

PolyimideFilm is the world's best鄉樹 performance film insu的但lation material, which is ma北謝de of PMDA and DDE i費下n strong polar sol個光vent by polycondensation and ca道笑st into film and東什 then imidized.

Polyimide film (PI弟爸 film) characteristics

Transparent yello頻冷w, relative density 1.39～年從1.45, polyimide film has excellent hi不靜gh and low temperature照區 resistance, electrica月花l insulation, bon為的ding, radiation resistance, m用作edia resistance, and 動視can be used in the temperature ran說嗎ge of -269℃～280℃ f科兒or a long time, a年體nd can reach 400℃ 哥友for a short time. The gl關關ass transition temperature is 280℃(Up他雪ilex R), 385℃(Kapt女樂on) and above 500℃(Upilex 低報S) respectively. t鐵多he tensile strength i體低s 200MPa at 20℃ and more than 10都樂0MPa at 200℃. especi開也ally suitable for flexib光是le printed circuit board substrate 西藍and various high t訊跳emperature resistant electrica會那l and electric in計分sulation materials.

Classification of 山國polyimide

Polyimide is usually divid亮愛ed into two categories.愛對

Thermoplastic polyi區朋mide, such as imide film, coating, fib們煙er and modern micr開明oelectronics with polyimide,放水 etc.

Thermosetting polyimide, mainly includi書花ng bismaleimide (BMI) type and m媽老onomer reactant polymer一可ization (PMR) ty電紅pe polyimide and th內體eir respective modified products房光.

Classification of polyimide films

It includes two types of錢話 polyimide films: homopolymer ty書月pe polyimide film and biphen視南yl type polyimide f微資ilm. The former is the product of 雪關DuPont Company in the United States, wi很低th the trade name Kapton, 河匠which is made from homophthalic 林視dianhydride and diphenyl ethe習睡r diamine. The latter is produce讀從d by UBE, Japan, under the trade公高 name Upilex, and is made f對亮rom biphenyltetracarboxylic ac坐書id dianhydride and dipheny著吧l ether diamine (R type) or m-p器風henylenediamine (S type).

Advantages of polyimide

(1) Excellent h畫算eat resistance. Polyimide decomposition唱他 temperature is genera煙會lly more than 500 ℃, and sometimes e視議ven higher, is on國懂e of the highest thermal st麗那ability of known organic po西鐵lymers, mainly because 相是the molecular chain contains a la美坐rge number of aromatic rings.

(2) excellent mechanical proper紙銀ties. The tensile strength o和討f unreinforced matrix 北慢materials are above 100 MPa. The tensi河能le strength of Kapton film 視業prepared by homoanhydride is 170鐵低MPa, while the biphe火小nyl-type polyimide (Upilex月車 S) can reach 400MPa. 可靜the elastic modulus of polyimide明不 fiber can reach 500M熱她Pa, which is second only to ca腦金rbon fiber.

(3) Good chemical stability and res商放istance to heat and humidi地北ty. Polyimide materials are ge還子nerally insoluble in organic sol吃些vents, corrosion-resistant 照都and hydrolysis-resista算腦nt. Change the mole不信cular design can get議匠 different structure of the s能理pecies. Some varieties can withs說學tand 2 atmospheric pressure, 120 ℃, 5弟男00h of water cooking.

(4) Good radiation resistan南日ce. Polyimide film i說明n 5 × 109rad dose of謝討 radiation, the strength still mainta話明in 86%; some polyimide fiber by 1 &time但如s; 1010rad fast e爸音lectron radiation, its機離 strength retention rate of 9為訊0%.

　　(5) good dielectric pro如窗perties. The dielectric c動飛onstant is less 黃了than 3.5, if fluorine atoms a時但re introduced int雪機o the molecular chain, the 暗吃dielectric constant 廠員can be reduced to about 2.見鐵5, the dielectric lo信工ss is 10, the dielectric stre風視ngth is 100 to 300kV/mm, and the volu習我me resistance is 1015-17大又Ω-cm. Therefore, the synthes好朋is of fluorine co靜分ntaining polyimide materi睡志als is a hot researc大不h field at present.

These properties ar了靜e stable over a相購 wide temperature range and frequency 河靜range. In addition, 間制polyimide has low temperat到物ure resistance, low expansion c業街oefficient, flame retardant and g為了ood biocompatibility. Polyimide can be 我南used in a wide ran算聽ge of fields bec書我ause of its exc外飛ellent overall performance and the dive空關rsity of synthetic ch校志emistry.

Polyimide film (PI film) application in時到dustry

Polyimide film, called "golde紙學n film", has excellent performan行姐ce and is widely used in space techno林謝logy, F and H class motors, insu作物lation of electrical ap厭弟pliances, FPC (flexible printed circu男東it board), PTC electric 商習heating film, TAB (pressu下南re-sensitive adhesive 你森tape substrate), aerospace, aviation, 可醫computers, electromagn習長etic wire, transformers, audio, c畫友ell phones, comput生刀ers, smelting, mining electronic是拍 components indus友白try, automobiles, transp區影ortation, atomic energy要雨 industry and oth筆木er electronic and elec什房trical industries, Atomic energy開畫 industry and other e廠城lectronic and el去歌ectrical industries看朋.

Polyimide application areas mainl銀草y include

(1) Film: It is 購算one of the earlie木大st products of p通看olyimide, which is used fo制信r slot insulation of 亮區motor and cable winding鐵年 material. The main products are 笑頻Kapton of DuPont, Upilex秒制 series of UBE of Japan and Apic校線al of Jongbun. Transparent polyimid間亮e film can be used as a f報厭lexible solar cell su農妹bstrate.

(2) Coating: Used as insulating 新湖paint for electromagnetic wire,北樹 or as high temperature re自我sistant coating.

(3) Advanced composite materia校友l matrix resin: used in ae通身rospace, aerospace vehicle structu微金re or functional comp外區onents, as well as roc會務kets, missiles and other parts這這, is one of the 子報most high tempera到外ture resistant structural mat聽資erials.

(4) fiber: polyimide fiber這志 modulus of ela朋匠sticity second only to carbon 空亮fiber, can be use音來d as a high-temperature 坐費media and radioactive歌鐵 material filtration materials and b子錢ulletproof fireproof fab通熱rics.

(5) foam: can be use輛明d as high temperature 對到insulation materials.

(6) engineering plastic舞風s: thermosetting and thermopl現我astic, can be molded or injection moldi金員ng or transfer molding (RTM), 紙兵mainly used for self-lubricating, seal農舊ing, insulation and structural material跳開s. In addition, polyimide c跳熱an also be used雨員 as adhesive, separation film, pho劇章toresist, dielectric又雨 buffer layer, liquid 紅笑crystal orientatio我也n agent, electric-op現著tical materials in high temp他下erature environment, etc.

　　PI film status

As a special engineerin算腦g material, polyimide has b冷冷een widely used in t間視he fields of aviation, aerospa冷視ce, electrical/ele畫飛ctronic, microelectronics, na新海no, liquid crystal, separati暗睡on film, laser, locomot公風ive, automobile, pre那關cision machinery裡唱 and automatic office machinery. Recent校站ly, countries are incl公你uding the research裡靜, development and utilizatio地就n of polyimide as one of了路 the most promising engineering plast做拿ics in the 21st century. 你市Polyimide, because of its ou間吃tstanding characteristics 愛嗎in performance and synthesis, w通遠hether as a structural material or 也又as a functional material,看少 its great application都吃 prospects have been fu票快lly recognized, k資用nown as "problem solver&quo場些t; (protion solver), 說男and that "withou見友t polyimide would not have to請門day's microele放公ctronics technology. Among the many po你體lymer materials, only six ar畫河e listed separately in the A不兵merican Chemical Ab可厭stracts (CA), and polyimide i著子s one of them. This shows that po票金lyimide is of great technical and c歌知ommercial importance. W請草ith the rise and flourishing 媽內of IT industry, flat panel display indu房笑stry, photovoltaic industry, etc., i也鐘t is inevitable to請北 drive the development亮說 of related supporting m訊吧aterials and the gro月畫wth of market demand. A化科s an important ma兒吧terial for audio circuit boards, int司鐘egrated circuits, flat panel disp裡志lays, solar cells, elec廠雪tronic labels, etc., 嗎業polyimide films for electronic eng她能ineering are playi如開ng a very import朋的ant role in the above-m朋劇entioned electro議術nic applications.

Future development of多懂 polyimide

Polyimide has been well recognized as a鄉爸 promising polymer material, and it愛錢s applications in insulation materia吃報ls and structural materials ar厭友e expanding. Functional materi都拍als are emerging and their potenti務線al is still being expl爸中ored. However, after 40 有綠years of development it has not yet 森件become a larger species, m黃雜ainly because the cost is still 樹人too high compared to other pol業麗ymers. Therefore, one 靜音of the main directions of future polyim公影ide research should still 外信be to find ways to redu坐現ce costs in monomer synthesis a輛自nd polymerizatio妹店n methods.

　　PI films are divided into tw又朋o categories according to their applic來關ations: electrical grade 物到for general insulation and heat resis飛黃tance purposes, and electronic grade wi話得th requirements such as fl老月exibility. Electrical-g現村rade PI film can be produced on a lar多生ge scale and its performance商朋 is not significantly different fr業長om foreign products due to the 費綠low requirements; electronic-grad美年e PI film is produced with the devel計妹opment of FCCL, whic生地h is the largest application 市市area of PI film, in addition t自民o maintaining the excellent physic月區al and mechanical properties of electri些金cal PI film, the thermal expansion coe會玩fficient of the 區鄉film, isotropic (thickn舊遠ess uniformity) has put forward mor外坐e stringent requir我行ements. The reason is tha快答t there is a gap between dom議讀estic PI film a是內nd imported PI 但身film in terms of performance, which ca北著nnot meet the requirements of F技看CCL medium and high-end products. In 高對predicting the futu哥微re market price, the p地黑ricing right of electronic grade P和月I film has been control內關led by DuPont and Zhong生腦 Yuan for a long time, but 日這with the reorganization of SKC and 從視KOLON in recent years, and the imp長門act of the economic crisis on the e少件xport of electr些老onic products, the produ微朋ct price has been reduc西費ed, but there is still a high p舞我rofit margin for 舞快electronic grade PI film街請.

Second, the film manufacturing快裡 process

　　The production of p亮遠olyimide film is basically a two-ste南如p method, the first step: synthes喝南is of polyamide acid, the s長還econd step: film-forming imi那筆dization. Film-formi說愛ng methods are mai間電nly impregnation me費火thod (or aluminum foil on the me喝如thod), cast method and sa員下liva stretching method. Dipping me照年thod equipment i說放s simple, simple pr裡懂ocess, but the film surface often s月但ticky aluminum powder, film lengt好紙h is limited, low productio著到n efficiency, this method is not線鐵 suitable for development; sal年但iva method equipment 友海precision, film uniformi笑喝ty, good surface clean and smooth, film說金 length is not limite湖坐d, can be continuous p拿信roduction, film pe志好rformance in all a算了spects are good, the general requiremen日長ts of the film can be produced 校機by this method; stretching 湖的method of film production, performance信藍 has significantly improved H歌鄉owever, the proc購身ess is complicate多光d, the production con男鐘ditions are har些輛sh, the investment is large, the 慢行price of the product is high年厭, only high-quality fi他黃lm is used in this method. Main 海愛equipment of sal男來ivation method: stainless steel re樹媽sin solution storage tank黑化, salivation nozzle, salivation machine月玩, imidizing furnace, win鐘腦der and hot air system, etc. Prepar畫村ation steps: Th空作e defoamed polyami歌些de acid solution is pressed from上花 the stainless steel solut我腦ion storage tank into the s少子alivation nozzle storage這書 tank on the front 腦厭machine head through the pi劇女peline. The steel belt runs at a uni還拍form speed in the direction shown in 信錢the figure, and the solution in男藍 the storage tank is taken away by姐也 the scraper in front of the salivation從黃 nozzle, and a liquid fil長場m of uniform thickness is formed, a兵南nd then it enters th農話e drying channel for 白北drying. The clean 匠西and dry air is sent to the heater 路報by the blower to preheat to 鐵鐘a certain temperature and then en風線ters the upper and low購還er drying channels. The direction of 很很hot air flow is opposite to the runn山醫ing direction of the steel belt海去, so that the temper匠匠ature of the liquid film rises graduall可討y during drying and the solvent e姐笑vaporates gradually to inc慢兒rease the drying effect.作又 When the polyamide器舊 acid film runs on the steel be間為lt for one week, the solvent evap媽笑orates and becomes solid film, an是很d the film peeled off from the steel be生樂lt is led to the imidizing furnace b拿答y the guide roller. The imidizing f麗道urnace is generally in了間 the form of multiple rollers, an爸要d the guide rol多舞lers with synchronous speed with the s秒花alivating machine guide the po化草lyamide acid film into the 筆在imidizing furnace,你銀 and after high temperatur舞玩e imidizing, the film is woun公通d up by the winder.

Third, market analysis

Polyimide is th村亮e highest heat-resistant p線都olymer material that has been indust兵城rialized, and is widely used in 友花high-tech fields as film, coatin場服g, plastic, composite material, adh自書esive, foam, fiber, separation 劇視film, liquid crystal orienta多姐tion agent, photo關都resist, etc. Our countr日訊y can produce polyim弟熱ide film in small qu鄉作antity at the end of 60s, and now it h外熱as been widely used in various field友美s such as aviat森紙ion, navigation, spacecraft, rock人們et and missile, atomic ene錢輛rgy, electronic and elect看北rical industry.